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共用题干 第三篇

The Science of the Future

Until recently,the"science of the future"was supposed to be electronics and
artificial intelligence.Today it seems more and more likely that the next great
breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences
with organic chemistry and genetic engineering.This combination is the science of
biotechnology.
Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic（合成的）materials.
However,it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve
heat and also to absorb moisture.Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes
anywhere near the combination of strength,lightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies
of ordinary insects.
Nevertheless,scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in"growing"a
material that has many of the characteristics of human skin.The next step may well be
"biotech hearts and eyes"which can replace diseased organs in human beings.These will
not be rejected by the body,as is the case with organs from humans.
The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising.In
1 996 the famous science-fiction writer,Arthur C. Clarke,many of whose previous
predictions have come true,said that we may soon be able to develop remarkably cheap
and renewable sources of energy.Some of these power sources will be biological.Clarke
and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our
dependence on non-renewable power sources.Coal,oil and gas are indeed convenient.
However,using them also means creating dangerously high levels of pollution.It will be
impossible to meet the growing demand for energy without increasing that pollution to
catastrophic（灾难性的）levels unless we develop power sources that are both cheaper and
cleaner.
It is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other"science of the future"can
solve our problems.Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear
power.Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless,cheap and safe energy.
Today those promises lie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl,in the
Ukraine.Biotechnology is unlikely,however,to break its promises in quite the same or
such a dangerous way. In 1996,Arthur C. Clarke predicted that